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Page 15 of 33 CE 363 FLUID MECHANICS Definitions and properties of fluids, units and dimensions. Fluid statics; pressure, manometry, forces on submerged lanes, buoyancy and flotation. General fluid motion: The continuum and control volume concepts. Ideal flow concepts: 2-dimensional potential flow treated with emphasis on applications in relation to flow visualization (around submerged bodies and the flow net) with minimum mathematical rigour. Definition of stream-lines, path lines, stagnation point. Flow, turbulent flow, descriptive treatment of boundary layer concepts (skin and form resistance and separation). Conservation of mass, impulse-momentum principles and application to impingement of jets on surface, jet propulsion, pipe bends and nozzles. Conservation of energy (first law of thermodynamics). Bernoulli's equation. Application of energy equation to the Prandtl tube, Pitot static tube, nozzles, orifices, Venturi meters. Specific applications: Steady flow in pipes: application of continuity, energy and momentum equation to steady flow of real fluids through pipes, the Hagen-Poiseuille equation, laminar flow through parallel plates. The Darcy-Weisbach formula and the friction factor variation with Reynolds's number and relative roughness, expansion and contraction losses, equivalent resistance of valves, bends and fittings, pump and turbine works, transmission of power through a nozzle at the end of a pipeline. Pipes in parallel and in series. Analysis of pipe network. Flow through open channels: definition of open channel or free surface flow, steady uniform flow in a rectangular open channel. Chezy and Manning formulae, force of a stream, critical depth, slow and fast flows, the hydraulic jump, the specific energy and its application to channel transitions, weirs and the Venturi flume. Prescribed textbook: Streeter, W.L. and E.B. Wylie , Fluid Mechanics (7th edition) ,McGraw-Hill (1979) |
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